What the scriptures say about equanimity

What do the scriptures say about equanimity?

The texts call it samatva (समत्व). The same in success and failure, praise and blame. The Gita's own definition of yoga (2.48). They set it against anger and arrogance.

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Krishna

समः शत्रौ च मित्रे च तथा मानापमानयोः । शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु समः सङ्गविवर्जितः ॥

samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca tathā mānāpamānayoḥ | śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu samaḥ saṅgavivarjitaḥ ||

One who is the same to enemy and friend, in honour and dishonour, in cold and heat, in pleasure and pain, and free from attachment,

Bhagavad Gita 12.18

Equanimity in the texts' own words

Verses that show it in a person, or name it outright.

  • Krishna

    समः शत्रौ च मित्रे च तथा मानापमानयोः । शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु समः सङ्गविवर्जितः ॥

    samaḥ śatrau ca mitre ca tathā mānāpamānayoḥ | śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu samaḥ saṅgavivarjitaḥ ||

    One who is the same to enemy and friend, in honour and dishonour, in cold and heat, in pleasure and pain, and free from attachment,

    Bhagavad Gita 12.18

  • Krishna

    योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय । सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते ॥

    yogasthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā dhanañjaya | siddhyasiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṃ yoga ucyate ||

    Established in yoga, do your work, Dhananjaya, giving up attachment, the same in success and failure. This evenness is called yoga.

    Bhagavad Gita 2.48

  • Yudhishthira

    व्याख्याता मे त्वया प्रश्ना यथातत्वं परंतप / पुरुषं त्विदानींव्याख्याहि यश्च सर्वधनी नरः तुल्ये प्रियाप्रिये यस् सुखदुःखे तथैव च / अतीतानागते चोभे सवै पुरुष उच्येत

    vyākhyātā me tvayā praśnā yathātatvaṃ paraṃtapa / puruṣaṃ tvidānīṃvyākhyāhi yaśca sarvadhanī naraḥ tulye priyāpriye yas sukhaduḥkhe tathaiva ca / atītānāgate cobhe savai puruṣa ucyeta

    Yaksha: 'You have answered my questions truly. Now tell me who is truly a person, and who possesses every wealth.' Yudhishthira: 'One to whom the pleasant and the unpleasant, joy and sorrow, past and future are all alike: he is called a true person.'

    Mahabharata · Vana Parva · Yaksha Prashna

How it grows, step by step

Sequences the texts state outright, in their own order.

Your part is the work

Bhagavad Gita 2.47-50
  1. authority over action
  2. giving up the fruit
  3. Equanimity
  4. skill in action

You should act without claiming the action or its fruits. Do not make the fruit your motive and do not cling to inaction. Act steadily in yoga after letting go of clinging, remaining the same in success and failure. Those who work for the fruit are pitiable, for yoga is skill in action.

  • Krishna

    कर्मण्येवाधिकारस्ते मा फलेषु कदाचन । मा कर्मफलहेतुर्भूर्मा ते सङ्गोऽस्त्वकर्मणि ॥

    karmaṇyevādhikāraste mā phaleṣu kadācana | mā karmaphalaheturbhūrmā te saṅgo’stvakarmaṇi ||

    Your right is to the work alone, never to its fruits. Do not let the fruit be your motive, and do not cling to doing nothing.

    Bhagavad Gita 2.47

  • Krishna

    योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय । सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते ॥

    yogasthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā dhanañjaya | siddhyasiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṃ yoga ucyate ||

    Established in yoga, do your work, Dhananjaya, giving up attachment, the same in success and failure. This evenness is called yoga.

    Bhagavad Gita 2.48

  • Krishna

    दूरेण ह्यवरं कर्म बुद्धियोगाद्धनञ्जय । बुद्धौ शरणमन्विच्छ कृपणाः फलहेतवः ॥

    dūreṇa hyavaraṃ karma buddhiyogāddhanañjaya | buddhau śaraṇamanviccha kṛpaṇāḥ phalahetavaḥ ||

    Action done for its rewards is far inferior to action done with a steady mind. Seek refuge in that understanding; those who work only for the fruit are to be pitied.

    Bhagavad Gita 2.49

Lift yourself by yourself

Bhagavad Gita 6.5-7
  1. self upliftment
  2. self victory
  3. Peace
  4. Equanimity

Lift the self by the self and do not let the self sink. The self is its own friend and its own enemy. For one who has mastered the self and is at peace, heat and cold, honour and dishonour are the same.

  • Krishna

    उद्धरेदात्मनाऽऽत्मानं नात्मानमवसादयेत् । आत्मैव ह्यात्मनो बन्धुरात्मैव रिपुरात्मनः ॥

    uddharedātmanā’’tmānaṃ nātmānamavasādayet | ātmaiva hyātmano bandhurātmaiva ripurātmanaḥ ||

    Raise yourself by your own self; do not let yourself sink. For the self alone is the friend of the self, and the self alone is the enemy of the self.

    Bhagavad Gita 6.5

  • Krishna

    बन्धुरात्माऽऽत्मनस्तस्य येनात्मैवात्मना जितः । अनात्मनस्तु शत्रुत्वे वर्तेतात्मैव शत्रुवत् ॥

    bandhurātmā’’tmanastasya yenātmaivātmanā jitaḥ | anātmanastu śatrutve vartetātmaiva śatruvat ||

    For one who has conquered himself, the self is the friend of the self. But for one who has not, the self acts with hostility, like an enemy.

    Bhagavad Gita 6.6

  • Krishna

    जितात्मनः प्रशान्तस्य परमात्मा समाहितः । शीतोष्णसुखदुःखेषु तथा मानापमानयोः ॥

    jitātmanaḥ praśāntasya paramātmā samāhitaḥ | śītoṣṇasukhaduḥkheṣu tathā mānāpamānayoḥ ||

    For one who has conquered himself and is at peace, the higher self stays steady in cold and heat, pleasure and pain, honour and dishonour.

    Bhagavad Gita 6.7

Serene, neither grieving nor craving

Bhagavad Gita 18.51-54
  1. non-possessive
  2. Peace
  3. Clarity
  4. Equanimity
  5. highest devotion

A person lets go of ego, force, arrogance, desire, anger and possessiveness, without the sense of mine and at peace, and becomes fit for Brahman. In that state one neither grieves nor craves, is the same to all beings, and gains the highest devotion.

  • Krishna

    ब्रह्मभूतः प्रसन्नात्मा न शोचति न काङ्क्षति । समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु मद्भक्तिं लभते पराम् ॥

    brahmabhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati | samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu madbhaktiṃ labhate parām ||

    Become one with Brahman, serene in self, one neither grieves nor craves. The same to all beings, one gains supreme devotion to me.

    Bhagavad Gita 18.54

The chariot that wins

Ramcharitmanas, Lanka Kand 80 (Gita Press)
  1. Fear
  2. Self-respect
  3. Steadiness
  4. Discernment
  5. Service
  6. Forgiveness
  7. Compassion
  8. Equanimity
  9. Surrender
  10. Letting go
  11. Contentment
  12. Peace
  • Ram

    सौरज धीरज तेहि रथ चाका। सत्य सील दृढ़ ध्वजा पताका॥ बल बिबेक दम परहित घोरे। छमा कृपा समता रजु जोरे ॥

    sauraj dhīraj tehi rath cākā| satya sīl dṛṛh dhvajā patākā|| bal bibek dam parahit ghore| chamā kṛpā samatā raju jore ||

    Valour and patience are the wheels of that chariot; truth and good conduct are its firm flag and banner. Strength, discernment, self-control and kindness to others are its horses, yoked with the reins of forgiveness, compassion and evenness of mind.

    Ramcharitmanas · Lanka Kand

What it heals

The states the texts set it against.

Practices that grow equanimity

Verses that give something to do, today or in the hard moment.

  • Ashtavakra

    चेष्टमानं शरीरं स्वं पश्यत्यन्यशरीरवत् । संस्तवे चापि निन्दायां कथं क्षुभ्येत् महाशयः ॥

    ceṣṭamānaṃ śarīraṃ svaṃ paśyatyanyaśarīravat | saṃstave cāpi nindāyāṃ kathaṃ kṣubhyet mahāśayaḥ ||

    One who watches his own active body as if it were someone else's: how could praise or blame disturb such a large-hearted person?

    Ashtavakra Gita 3.10

    Shows being unshaken by praise and blame. our reading

  • Krishna

    योगस्थः कुरु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा धनञ्जय । सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योः समो भूत्वा समत्वं योग उच्यते ॥

    yogasthaḥ kuru karmāṇi saṅgaṃ tyaktvā dhanañjaya | siddhyasiddhyoḥ samo bhūtvā samatvaṃ yoga ucyate ||

    Established in yoga, do your work, Dhananjaya, giving up attachment, the same in success and failure. This evenness is called yoga.

    Bhagavad Gita 2.48

    Gives evenness as the very definition of yoga. our reading

  • Dharmavyadha (the righteous meat-seller)

    न च कामान्न संरम्भान्न द्वेषाद्धर्ममुत्सृजेत् / प्रिये नातिभृशं हृष्येदप्रिये न च संज्वरेत्

    na ca kāmānna saṃrambhānna dveṣāddharmamutsṛjet / priye nātibhṛśaṃ hṛṣyedapriye na ca saṃjvaret

    Never give up what is right out of desire, rage or hatred. Don't be overjoyed by what pleases you, nor burn with distress at what does not.

    Mahabharata · Vana Parva · Vyadha Gita

    Shows neither over-joy nor fever at events. our reading

  • Vidula

    अलब्ध्वा यदि वा लब्ध्वा नानुशोचति पण्डितः / आनन्तर्यं चारभते न प्राणानां धनायते

    alabdhvā yadi vā labdhvā nānuśocati paṇḍitaḥ / ānantaryaṃ cārabhate na prāṇānāṃ dhanāyate

    Whether he wins or fails, the wise person does not keep grieving. He starts on the next task at once and does not hoard his own life.

    Mahabharata · Udyoga Parva · Vidula's counsel

    Shows gain and failure getting the same response. our reading

  • Vidura

    न हृष्यत्यात्मसंमाने नावमानेन तप्यते / गाङ्गो ह्रद इवाक्षोभ्यो यः स पण्डित उच्यते

    na hṛṣyatyātmasaṃmāne nāvamānena tapyate / gāṅgo hrada ivākṣobhyo yaḥ sa paṇḍita ucyate

    One who is not elated when honoured, nor pained when slighted, and who stays unruffled like a deep pool of the Ganga, is called wise.

    Mahabharata · Udyoga Parva · Vidura Niti

    Same in honour and dishonour. our reading

  • Ram

    सब कै ममता ताग बटोरी। मम पद मनहि बाँध बरि डोरी॥ समदरसी इच्छा कछु नाहीं। हरष सोक भय नहिं मन माहीं ॥ अस सज्जन मम उर बस कैसें। लोभी हृदयँ बसइ धनु जैसें॥ तुम्ह सारिखे संत प्रिय मोरें। धरउँ देह नहिं आन निहोरें ॥

    sab kai mamatā tāg baṭorī| mam pad manahi bāṁdh bari ḍorī|| samadarasī icchā kachu nāhīṃ| haraṣ sok bhay nahiṃ man māhīṃ || as sajjan mam ur bas kaiseṃ| lobhī hṛdayaṁ basai dhanu jaiseṃ|| tumha sārikhe saṃt priy moreṃ| dharauṁ deh nahiṃ ān nihoreṃ ||

    Gathering the threads of attachment to all of these, he twists them into one cord and ties his mind to my feet. Even-minded, wanting nothing, with no elation, grief or fear in his mind: such a good person lives in my heart as wealth lives in a miser's heart. Saints like you are dear to me; I take a body for no other reason.

    Ramcharitmanas, Sundar Kand 5.46 (chaupai 3)

    Shows seeing alike and wanting nothing. our reading

  • Ram

    बिषय अलंपट सील गुनाकर। पर दुख दुख सुख सुख देखे पर॥ सम अभूतरिपु बिमद बिरागी। लोभामरष हरष भय त्यागी ॥

    biṣay alaṃpaṭ sīl gunākar| par dukh dukh sukh sukh dekhe par|| sam abhūtaripu bimad birāgī| lobhāmaraṣ haraṣ bhay tyāgī ||

    They are not greedy for pleasures; they are mines of good conduct and virtue; others' sorrow makes them sad and others' joy makes them glad. They are even-minded, see no one as an enemy, are free of pride and detached, and have let go of greed, rage, elation and fear.

    Ramcharitmanas · Uttar Kand

    Shows without pride, greed, rage, elation or fear. our reading

  • Ram

    ए सब लच्छन बसहिं जासु उर। जानेहु तात संत संतत फुर॥ सम दम नियम नीति नहिं डोलहिं। परुष बचन कबहूँ नहिं बोलहिं ॥ निंदा अस्तुति उभय सम ममता मम पद कंज। ते सज्जन मम प्रानप्रिय गुन मंदिर सुख पुंज ॥

    e sab lacchan basahiṃ jāsu ur| jānehu tāt saṃt saṃtat phur|| sam dam niyam nīti nahiṃ ḍolahiṃ| paruṣ bacan kabahūṁ nahiṃ bolahiṃ || niṃdā astuti ubhay sam mamatā mam pad kaṃj| te sajjan mam prānapriy gun maṃdir sukh puṃj ||

    Know that whoever carries all these qualities in their heart is truly good. They never waver from self-control, discipline and right conduct, and never speak a harsh word. Praise and blame are the same to them, and their love is for my feet: such good people, homes of virtue and joy, are dear to me as life.

    Ramcharitmanas · Uttar Kand

    Shows praise and blame received alike. our reading

People who lived it

Someone in the scriptures came to this, and the story shows how.

  • From the Poets and saints

    Vairagyashatakam: Dialogue between the ascetic and the king

    An ascetic tells a king who ignores him that learning equals wealth, that contentment in bark equals contentment in silk, and that pride over a few towns is a fever.

    When the mind is content, nobody is richer than you.

  • From the Mahabharata

    Yudhishthira's case for peace

    Before Krishna sets out as peace envoy, Yudhishthira opens his heart: poverty humiliates, greed corrodes, victory breeds enmity, and hostility is never ended by hostility. He asks only for five villages.

    Winning a feud still costs you peace. Hostility only ends when someone stops feeding it.

  • From the Mahabharata

    Krishna's peace embassy to the Kauravas

    Krishna travels to Hastinapura to plead for peace between the cousins. Elders, sages and finally Gandhari urge Duryodhana to share the kingdom; he refuses, even plotting to seize Krishna, and war becomes certain.

    You can make the best case for peace and still be refused. Speak anyway.

  • From the Ramayana

    The family council at Chitrakoot

    Vasishtha asks how Ram can be brought home, noting that grieving people cannot judge well. Bharat recalls a brother who never broke his heart and let him win at games, and blames himself. Ram tells him his shame is needless, that love and hostility cannot be hidden, and asks him to say freely what he wants.

    In family conflict, let each speak; name love plainly; lift needless shame.

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Questions people ask

What is the Sanskrit word for equanimity?
Samatva (समत्व). Evenness.
Which Bhagavad Gita verse speaks about equanimity?
Bhagavad Gita 12.18: One who is the same to enemy and friend, in honour and dishonour, in cold and heat, in pleasure and pain, and free from attachment,

Verses, translations and stories come from the Wisdom library, read with the traditional commentaries. A line marked stated in the text is a link the verse or a named commentator makes; our reading is Wisdom's own reading of the verse.