What the scriptures say about fearlessness

What do the scriptures say about fearlessness?

The texts call it abhaya (अभय). Fearlessness is first in the Gita's list of divine qualities (16.1). It is the Upanishad's mark of one who knows the joy of Brahman. They set it against fear and being wronged.

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Krishna

श्री भगवानुवाच अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिः ज्ञानयोगव्यवस्थितिः । दानं दमश्च यज्ञश्च स्वाध्यायस्तप आर्जवम् ॥

śrī bhagavānuvāca abhayaṃ sattvasaṃśuddhiḥ jñānayogavyavasthitiḥ | dānaṃ damaśca yajñaśca svādhyāyastapa ārjavam ||

The Blessed Lord said: Fearlessness, purity of heart, steadfastness in knowledge and yoga, charity, self-control, sacrifice, study, austerity and uprightness,

Bhagavad Gita 16.1

Fearlessness in the texts' own words

Verses that show it in a person, or name it outright.

  • Krishna

    श्री भगवानुवाच अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिः ज्ञानयोगव्यवस्थितिः । दानं दमश्च यज्ञश्च स्वाध्यायस्तप आर्जवम् ॥

    śrī bhagavānuvāca abhayaṃ sattvasaṃśuddhiḥ jñānayogavyavasthitiḥ | dānaṃ damaśca yajñaśca svādhyāyastapa ārjavam ||

    The Blessed Lord said: Fearlessness, purity of heart, steadfastness in knowledge and yoga, charity, self-control, sacrifice, study, austerity and uprightness,

    Bhagavad Gita 16.1

  • Bhartrihari

    भोगे रोगभयं कुले च्युतिभयं वित्ते नृपालाद्भयं माने दैन्यभयं बले रिपुभयं रूपे जराया भयम् । शास्त्रे वादिभयं गुणे खलभयं काये कृतान्ताद्भयं सर्वं वस्तु भयान्वितं भुवि नृणां वैराग्यमेवाभयम् ॥

    bhoge rogabhayaṃ kule cyutibhayaṃ vitte nṛpālādbhayaṃ māne dainyabhayaṃ bale ripubhayaṃ rūpe jarāyā bhayam | śāstre vādibhayaṃ guṇe khalabhayaṃ kāye kṛtāntādbhayaṃ sarvaṃ vastu bhayānvitaṃ bhuvi nṛṇāṃ vairāgyamevābhayam ||

    In pleasure lies the fear of disease; in high birth, the fear of a fall; in wealth, fear of the king; in honour, fear of humiliation; in strength, fear of enemies; in beauty, fear of old age; in learning, fear of rival debaters; in virtue, fear of the wicked; in the body, fear of death. Everything in this world carries fear; only dispassion is fearless.

    Bhartrihari · Vairagya Shatakam

  • Teacher

    यतो वाचो निवर्तन्ते । अप्राप्य मनसा सह । आनन्दं ब्रह्मणो विद्वान्। न बिभेति कुतश्चनेति ।

    yato vāco nivartante | aprāpya manasā saha | ānandaṃ brahmaṇo vidvān| na bibheti kutaścaneti |

    That from which words turn back, along with the mind, not reaching it: whoever knows the joy of Brahman fears nothing at all.

    Taittiriya Upanishad 2.9.1

How it grows, step by step

Sequences the texts state outright, in their own order.

The measure of joy

Taittiriya Upanishad 2.8-9
  1. unstruck by desire
  2. Joy
  3. Fearlessness

Each higher joy is a hundred times the one below. Each equals the joy of the learned person who is not struck by desire. Knowing that joy, one fears nothing. One is no longer tormented by wondering why one did not do right and why one did wrong.

  • Teacher

    सैषाऽऽनन्दस्य मीमाꣳसा भवति । युवा स्यात्साधुयुवाऽध्यायकः । आशिष्ठो दृढिष्ठो बलिष्ठः । तस्येयं पृथिवी सर्वा वित्तस्य पूर्णा स्यात् । स एको मानुष आनन्दः । ते ये शतं मानुषा आनन्दाः । स एको मनुष्यगन्धर्वाणामानन्दः । श्रोत्रियस्य चाकामहतस्य ।

    saiṣā’’nandasya mīmāꣳsā bhavati | yuvā syātsādhuyuvā’dhyāyakaḥ | āśiṣṭho dṛḍhiṣṭho baliṣṭhaḥ | tasyeyaṃ pṛthivī sarvā vittasya pūrṇā syāt | sa eko mānuṣa ānandaḥ | te ye śataṃ mānuṣā ānandāḥ | sa eko manuṣyagandharvāṇāmānandaḥ | śrotriyasya cākāmahatasya |

    Now an inquiry into joy. Let there be a young man, good, well read, quick, firm and strong, and let this whole earth full of wealth be his: that is one measure of human joy. A hundred human joys make one joy of the human gandharvas, and so too is the joy of a learned one untouched by desire.

    Taittiriya Upanishad 2.8.1-2

  • Teacher

    यतो वाचो निवर्तन्ते । अप्राप्य मनसा सह । आनन्दं ब्रह्मणो विद्वान्। न बिभेति कुतश्चनेति ।

    yato vāco nivartante | aprāpya manasā saha | ānandaṃ brahmaṇo vidvān| na bibheti kutaścaneti |

    That from which words turn back, along with the mind, not reaching it: whoever knows the joy of Brahman fears nothing at all.

    Taittiriya Upanishad 2.9.1

  • Teacher

    एतꣳह वाव न तपति । किमहꣳसाधु नाकरवम् । किमहं पापमकरवमिति ।

    etaꣳha vāva na tapati | kimahaꣳsādhu nākaravam | kimahaṃ pāpamakaravamiti |

    Such a one is no longer tormented by the thought: why did I not do good? Why did I do wrong?

    Taittiriya Upanishad 2.9.1

Fear comes from a second

Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 1.4.2-3
  1. second
  2. Fear
  3. Discernment
  4. Fearlessness
  5. Loneliness

Alone, he was afraid. He reflected that since there is nothing other than him, he has nothing to fear. The fear left. Fear comes only from a second. Alone, he also found no joy, and one who is alone does not rejoice.

  • Seer

    सोऽबिभेत् तस्मादेकाकी बिभेति । स हायमीक्षां चक्रे यन्मदन्यन्नास्ति कस्मान्नु बिभेमीति । तत एवास्य भयं वीयाय । कस्माद्ध्यभेष्यत् द्वितीयाद्वै भयं भवति ॥

    so’bibhet tasmādekākī bibheti | sa hāyamīkṣāṃ cakre yanmadanyannāsti kasmānnu bibhemīti | tata evāsya bhayaṃ vīyāya | kasmāddhyabheṣyat dvitīyādvai bhayaṃ bhavati ||

    He was afraid; that is why one who is alone is afraid. Then he thought: 'Since there is nothing but me, what am I afraid of?' At that his fear left him. What was there to fear? Fear arises only from a second.

    Brihadaranyaka Upanishad 1.4.2

Everything comes with a fear

Bhartrihari, Vairagya Shataka 31
  1. Attachment
  2. Fear
  3. Letting go
  4. Fearlessness

Pleasure brings fear of illness, family brings fear of decline, wealth brings fear of the king, honour brings fear of humiliation, strength brings fear of the enemy, beauty brings fear of age, learning brings fear of the debater, virtue brings fear of the slanderer, and the body brings fear of death. Everything on earth comes with fear, and dispassion alone is fearlessness.

  • Bhartrihari

    भोगे रोगभयं कुले च्युतिभयं वित्ते नृपालाद्भयं माने दैन्यभयं बले रिपुभयं रूपे जराया भयम् । शास्त्रे वादिभयं गुणे खलभयं काये कृतान्ताद्भयं सर्वं वस्तु भयान्वितं भुवि नृणां वैराग्यमेवाभयम् ॥

    bhoge rogabhayaṃ kule cyutibhayaṃ vitte nṛpālādbhayaṃ māne dainyabhayaṃ bale ripubhayaṃ rūpe jarāyā bhayam | śāstre vādibhayaṃ guṇe khalabhayaṃ kāye kṛtāntādbhayaṃ sarvaṃ vastu bhayānvitaṃ bhuvi nṛṇāṃ vairāgyamevābhayam ||

    In pleasure lies the fear of disease; in high birth, the fear of a fall; in wealth, fear of the king; in honour, fear of humiliation; in strength, fear of enemies; in beauty, fear of old age; in learning, fear of rival debaters; in virtue, fear of the wicked; in the body, fear of death. Everything in this world carries fear; only dispassion is fearless.

    Bhartrihari · Vairagya Shatakam

What it heals

The states the texts set it against.

Practices that grow fearlessness

Verses that give something to do, today or in the hard moment.

  • Tulsidas

    गयउ सभा दरबार तब सुमिरि राम पद कंज। सिंह ठवनि इत उत चितव धीर बीर बल पुंज ॥

    gayau sabhā darabār tab sumiri rām pad kaṃj| siṃh ṭhavani it ut citav dhīr bīr bal puṃj ||

    Then he went into the court, remembering Ram's lotus feet, looking this way and that with a lion's gait, steady, brave, a mass of strength.

    Ramcharitmanas, Lanka Kand 6.19 (doha 1)

    A lion's gait among enemies. our reading

  • Ram

    सोइ सेवक प्रियतम मम सोई। मम अनुसासन मानै जोई॥ जौं अनीति कछु भाषौं भाई। तौ मोहि बरजहु भय बिसराई ॥

    soi sevak priyatam mam soī| mam anusāsan mānai joī|| jauṃ anīti kachu bhāṣauṃ bhāī| tau mohi barajahu bhay bisarāī ||

    "The one who follows my teaching is truly my dear servant. But if I say anything unjust, brothers, put aside your fear and stop me."

    Ramcharitmanas · Uttar Kand

    Shows speaking up without fear. our reading

  • The gods

    नमामि त्वामहं देवीं महाभयविनाशिनीम् । महादुर्गप्रशमनीं महाकारुण्यरूपिणीम् ॥

    namāmi tvāmahaṃ devīṃ mahābhayavināśinīm | mahādurgapraśamanīṃ mahākāruṇyarūpiṇīm ||

    I bow to you, Goddess, destroyer of great fear, who calms great hardship, whose very form is great compassion.

    Devi Upanishad 25

    Courage borrowed from the one bowed to. our reading

  • Make your children strong from their very childhood;

    Swami Vivekananda

    Names bold and all-conquering. our reading

  • Vidura

    इदं च त्वां सर्वपरं ब्रवीमि / पुण्यं पदं तात महाविशिष्टम् / न जातु कामान्न भयान्न लोभा- / द्धर्मं जह्याज्जीविस्यापि हेतोः

    idaṃ ca tvāṃ sarvaparaṃ bravīmi / puṇyaṃ padaṃ tāta mahāviśiṣṭam / na jātu kāmānna bhayānna lobhā- / ddharmaṃ jahyājjīvisyāpi hetoḥ

    Here is the highest thing I can tell you, the purest and most valuable: never abandon what is right, not out of desire, not out of fear, not out of greed, not even to save your life.

    Mahabharata · Udyoga Parva · Vidura Niti

  • Lankini

    प्रबिसि नगर कीजे सब काजा। हृदयँ राखि कोसलपुर राजा॥ गरल सुधा रिपु करहिं मिताई। गोपद सिंधु अनल सितलाई ॥

    prabisi nagar kīje sab kājā| hṛdayaṁ rākhi kosalapur rājā|| garal sudhā ripu karahiṃ mitāī| gopad siṃdhu anal sitalāī ||

    Enter the city and do all your work, holding the king of Kosala in your heart. For such a one, poison turns to nectar, enemies become friends, the ocean shrinks to a hoofprint, and fire turns cool.

    Ramcharitmanas · Sundar Kand

    Shows ocean becomes a hoofprint and fire turns cool. our reading

  • Be brave and face everything — come good, come evil, both welcome,

    Swami Vivekananda

    Be brave. our reading

  • Krishna

    यस्मान्नोद्विजते लोको लोकान्नोद्विजते च यः । हर्षामर्षभयोद्वेगैर्मुक्तो यः स च मे प्रियः ॥

    yasmānnodvijate loko lokānnodvijate ca yaḥ | harṣāmarṣabhayodvegairmukto yaḥ sa ca me priyaḥ ||

    One from whom the world does not shrink and who does not shrink from the world, who is free from elation, impatience, fear and agitation, is dear to me.

    Bhagavad Gita 12.15

    Names freedom from fear and agitation as a mark. our reading

People who lived it

Someone in the scriptures came to this, and the story shows how.

  • From the Gita

    What becomes of one who falls from yoga

    Arjuna fears that one who falls short is lost like a torn cloud. Krishna promises that no one who does good comes to ruin; past effort carries forward and they strive again.

    No sincere effort is wasted; you pick up where you left off.

  • From the Gita

    Action with devotion: surrender

    Krishna urges Arjuna to offer all action, warns that ego will only trip him, tells him to reflect fully and then choose, and finally to take refuge in him alone and not grieve.

    Reflect fully, choose freely, and set down the fear.

  • From the Mahabharata

    Ashtavakra at Janaka's court

    Ashtavakra, born bent in eight places by his father's curse, learns at twelve that his father drowned after losing a debate to the court sage Bandi. Turned away at the gate as a child, he argues his way in and defeats Bandi.

    Age and appearance don't measure wisdom. Don't dismiss anyone for being young.

  • From the Ramayana

    Vibhishan crosses over

    Vibhishan crosses the sea to Ram. Sugriva suspects a spy; Ram says he never turns away anyone who comes for refuge, and that only a clean heart, without deceit, reaches him. He embraces Vibhishan, asks how he kept his goodness among the wicked, and crowns him king of Lanka before the war has even begun.

    Leaving a bad place takes courage; a good leader receives people without suspicion first.

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Questions people ask

What is the Sanskrit word for fearlessness?
Abhaya (अभय). Fearlessness.
Which Bhagavad Gita verse speaks about fearlessness?
Bhagavad Gita 16.1: The Blessed Lord said: Fearlessness, purity of heart, steadfastness in knowledge and yoga, charity, self-control, sacrifice, study, austerity and uprightness,

Verses, translations and stories come from the Wisdom library, read with the traditional commentaries. A line marked stated in the text is a link the verse or a named commentator makes; our reading is Wisdom's own reading of the verse.